鉛衣的保養與維護

2012-5-23 14:50:30點擊：5337摘要：隨著移動式C臂機的應用推廣，越來越多的骨科手術需要用到移動式C臂機。為了防護C臂機的X線輻射損害，保證手術人員的身體健康，許多的手術室都已購置了醫用鉛衣。本文的目的是介紹手術室醫用鉛衣的合理管理和正確的維護方法。使有限的資源能得到更大化的臨床應用，既防護了X線的輻射損害，保證了手術人員的安全，又節約了科室成本。醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)：是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種醫(yi)療單位用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)放射線輻射的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)。根據防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)部位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)有不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)配(pei)件(jian)，如：鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)帽，鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)圍(wei)(wei)脖(bo)，鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)圍(wei)(wei)裙(qun)，鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)腰帶(dai)等(deng)(deng)。其(qi)(qi)價格(ge)幾(ji)百到上千(qian)元不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng)。1醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)屬于(yu)(yu)科(ke)室的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貴重(zhong)物(wu)品應采(cai)取(qu)專(zhuan)人(ren)(ren)，專(zhuan)柜(ju)，專(zhuan)鎖，專(zhuan)策登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)理。手(shou)(shou)術(shu)室可(ke)設一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)柜(ju)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)策專(zhuan)門負責(ze)管(guan)理鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)(huo)是(shi)有每日的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值班(ban)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)負責(ze)管(guan)理。負責(ze)人(ren)(ren)每天清(qing)點(dian)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)目，一(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服和(he)(he)(he)其(qi)(qi)配(pei)件(jian)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)視為一(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)。（如：一(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服和(he)(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個圍(wei)(wei)脖(bo)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個帽子一(yi)(yi)(yi)起被(bei)視為完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)套(tao)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)）。當(dang)(dang)天要(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)骨科(ke)手(shou)(shou)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)應由當(dang)(dang)日的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)(shou)術(shu)巡回(hui)護(hu)(hu)(hu)士(shi)向鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)負責(ze)人(ren)(ren)借鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，借出時(shi)巡回(hui)護(hu)(hu)(hu)士(shi)和(he)(he)(he)負責(ze)人(ren)(ren)共同(tong)(tong)(tong)清(qing)點(dian)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)配(pei)件(jian)。清(qing)點(dian)完畢由鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)負責(ze)人(ren)(ren)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄手(shou)(shou)術(shu)間號，巡回(hui)護(hu)(hu)(hu)士(shi)姓名，所借鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)目在(zai)(zai)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)上。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)完畢由該巡回(hui)護(hu)(hu)(hu)士(shi)將鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歸還給(gei)負責(ze)人(ren)(ren)，兩(liang)人(ren)(ren)再次清(qing)點(dian)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)數(shu)目及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)配(pei)件(jian)，確(que)定無誤(wu)后在(zai)(zai)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)上注(zhu)明鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)已歸還。鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)架(jia)掛(gua)起，連(lian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)一(yi)(yi)(yi)并所在(zai)(zai)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)放置(zhi)柜(ju)內，鑰匙由負責(ze)人(ren)(ren)保(bao)管(guan)。2鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維護(hu)(hu)(hu)2.1醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)避免與尖銳物(wu)體(ti)接觸以(yi)免造(zao)成(cheng)劃(hua)傷而(er)影(ying)響(xiang)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)效果(guo)。2.2醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)架(jia)掛(gua)起，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)折疊(die)或(huo)(huo)擠壓(ya)，長時(shi)間折疊(die)和(he)(he)(he)疊(die)壓(ya)會縮(suo)短其(qi)(qi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命，影(ying)響(xiang)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)效果(guo)。2.3醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)于(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)。醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)洗(xi)滌(di)，若(ruo)醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)沾(zhan)染(ran)了污物(wu)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)軟布沾(zhan)酒精或(huo)(huo)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)性(xing)洗(xi)滌(di)劑(ji)擦拭，若(ruo)被(bei)傳染(ran)病人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)血(xue)液體(ti)液污染(ran)必要(yao)時(shi)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)環氧乙烷(wan)氣體(ti)消(xiao)毒(du)滅菌處理，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)溫高(gao)壓(ya)消(xiao)毒(du)滅菌。2.4醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)零(ling)配(pei)件(jian)在(zai)(zai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)輻射方面(mian)都有鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)當(dang)(dang)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規格(ge)要(yao)求，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)部位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)部件(jian)其(qi)(qi)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)當(dang)(dang)量(liang)各不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相同(tong)(tong)(tong)。應定期檢測鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)零(ling)配(pei)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)含量(liang)，確(que)保(bao)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)當(dang)(dang)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常值及(ji)(ji)醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)能有效防(fang)(fang)(fang)輻射。總之(zhi)，做好(hao)了鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理，既能保(bao)證手(shou)(shou)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身體(ti)安(an)全，又能節約(yue)科(ke)室成(cheng)本(ben)。